Delaware :: essays research papers

DelawareDelaware is a sincerely cool state. I say that because there is not a whole-lot of crime there and for country kinsfolk its great because there is a lot of cows and pigs, but there are also a lot of cars there too. It was some rivers and creeks republic definition and tons of history, but there isnt very many people there compared to California. Delaware has gained 2 surnames over the years, The First State and The Diamond State. It got the nickname The First State because it was the first state to ratify the constitution. It got the nickname the Diamond State because they are the world leaders in diamond mining. Delaware was some really neat geography because they have sops, rivers, lakes, but they really dont really have a lot mountains. They have the biggest natural cypress swamp in the world and Pocomoke Swamp the northern most swamp in the United States. They have a couple rivers the Christina and Brandywine Creek. As for lakes the have Chesapeake Bay and Delaware Bay. Delaware has a lot of economic activity. More than 80% of Delawares farm income is from the production of broiler chickens and a variety of other things including soybeans, greenhouse products and corn. Milk is also produced considering that Delaware was more cows than they know what to do with. Fishing is declining but crabs, shad, cod, oysters and clams are caught. Delaware has many useful industries. Delaware industries major in food processing, primary metals, machinery, leather goods, fabricated metals, belief and publishing. They also make a whole- lot of textiles like linoleum. They also make a lot of chemicals and cars. They are one of the most popular car states in the United States. Delawares climate is on the cold side with the average temperature in January is 32 and 72 in July. Delaware is also on the storm course of instruction of the Gulf of Mexico. Delawares average rainfall is about 44 inches. Delaware has common natural resources. Kaolin is the most signifi cant natural resource followed by granite, gravel, and mud (used to make brick and tiles). Hydroelectric power hasnt been developed yet. The Coastal Zone act was passed in 1971. Communications in Delaware are simple. Delaware has 2 daily paper and several weeklies. Public Television is very popular in Delaware. Of course they also have phones and faxes and stuff like that.

Sex and Chance: Strange Bedfellows? :: Philosophy Essays

Sex and Chance Strange Bedfellows?History was sex, French was sex, art was sex, the Bible... everything was sex except biology which was obviously sex plainly not really sex, not the one that was secret and ecstatic and wicked and a sacrament and all the things it was supposed to be but couldnt be at one and the same time-- I got that in the boiler room and it turned out to be biology after all. (Stoppard, 218)Ill admit it. Im fascinated by sex. aft(prenominal) all, it is the reason that we are all here, isnt it? And not just thanks to our parents for years and years and years, sex has been the motor driving the evolutionary process. I dont think lot give sex enough credit for its role in the evolutionary process. Call evolution survival of the fittest, call it random chance, call it whatever you want-- in the end, whoevers left alive is just searching for another body in which to find comfort. I have not always been fascinated by sex. An disreputable family story records my disg ust when I first learned about the birds and the bees. Apparently, I turned around in the car seat to look at my pander brother You mean you did it twice?? Part of my growing fascination has been a result of the evolving story I have been told/am telling myself about sex. In class, Professor Grobstein taught us about lateral transfer, and Elizabeth dubbed sex the transfer of genetic material. I dont like to think about sex in purely clinical terms, however. Its not just my status as a hopeless romantic, its also my belief that sex is bigger than the box of oral communication it is often put into. Sex is a growing, changing thing that is going through its own evolution. Not that the process itself has changed much its human interpretation and chemical reaction to sex that continues to evolve. Also , if sex is allowed leeway to expand beyond the clinical level, it gains greater implications (not that birth isnt a great implication by any means). As Stoppard puts it Einstein- relati vity and sex. Chippendale- sex and furniture. Galileo- Did the earth move? (Stoppard, 90). In this sense, everything we do is linked inextricably to sex. (Upon writing this previous sentence, I realized that I have picked a topic which is quite beyond the scope of this paper, and would require many many years of research.

Style and Supervenience :: Technology Computers Computer Essays

Style and SupervenienceABSTRACT Copes estimators and Musical Style (1991) describes a computer program that allegedly can represent and replicate musical styles solely on the basis of compositions that have been entered into it. If this claim is correct, whence it must be that an oeuvres stylistic characteristics locally happen on its textual features, which roughly style that its stylistic properties are entirely determined by its textual properties. In my paper I argue that stylistic properties do non locally supervene on textual properties, and olibanum that neither Copes program nor any other that essentially works like it can represent or replicate styles.Cope (1991) describes a computer program that allegedly can represent and replicate musical styles solely on the basis of compositions that have been entered into it (ix, xiXall page-references are to Cope 1991). If this claim is correct, then it must be that an oeuvres stylistic characteristics locally supervene on its te xtual features, which roughly actor that its stylistic properties are entirely determined by its textual properties. This paper argues that stylistic properties do not locally supervene on textual properties, and thus that neither Copes program nor any other that essentially works like it can represent or replicate styles.1. Copes Composing ComputerDavid Cope is a composer and music theorist who got interested in the applications of computer science to music. The direct cause of his interest was a composers block this make him turn to computer programming in the hope to find a composing partner (18). Eventually his search resulted in a program he termed Experiments in Musical Intelligence (EMI). Let me briefly sketch what EMI does and how it works.What EMI does is easily explained musical data, like for instance a number of Mozart piano-sonatas, are (in coded form) fed into the computer, which then outputs new musical material. This new material is then hoped to be and, according t o Cope, also often is, in the style of the music that was entered. How the program works is not so easily explained, but the following simplified account will do for the purposes of this paper (cf. 152ff for details). The two most important components of EMI are a pattern-matcher and a so-called Augmented Transition Network. The first searches for harsh patterns in the works that have gone into the computer, and stores these in a style dictionary (together with a weight, indicating how common they are).

Ian McEwans Enduring Love Essay -- Ian McEwan Enduring Love Essays

Ian McEwans tolerate tell apartEvident throughout the entire plot of Enduring Love, Ian McEwanfuses collar incompatible musical genres bash story, investigator story andthriller. Each genre I believe has a set of expectations that capturesthe reader urging them to read on, for example a thriller genre wouldstereotypically be lead by a fast, tense pace with characters easilyidentifiable as goodies and baddies. Different, fresh and novelMcEwan establishes his break up of typical genres as he mixes theelements of the three main genres and purposely doesnt stick to theirrigid framework that many authors swear by. It is however important toassess to what extent that McEwan successfully combines these genresand how effective his system is.During the exposition of Enduring Love, McEwan attempts to enticethe reader into making that commitment creating an addictivequality which I believe he does so by incorporating some(prenominal) stylisticdevices, flowing from one to the other th roughout the entire of thefirst chapter. Focusing pull up stakesicularly on the action of the event Joe isdescribing, McEwan incorporates move of the romance genre and thedetective story, switching from one to the other frequently. We setoff down our path arm in armthe warmth and peace of mind in her part, Concentrating on the romance genre, McEwan allows the readerto feel a connection with Joe as we are made aware of his emotions forClarissa. Exploring different themes of love, we become informwith Clarissas love of Keats poetry, Clarissas interest in thesehypothetical letters had something to do with our own situation andthe love for others surrounding Joe at the station it was smiles andhugs, and in thirty-five m... ...he is carnal knowledge her. Dont get angrywith me, Joe. You didnt see his face, and he wasnt in the square.To conclude, I believe that it is typeset to state that Enduring Lovegracefully bridges genres, as McEwan intervenes from one genre toanother successfu lly without a break up in the plot. The sole(prenominal)exception of this is, I believe is the chapter in which the thrillergenre is introduced as I believe that it is out of character for Joeto go such an extreme and this is the only part of the book that Ifelt I was not a part of, as McEwan failed to engage me fully with thelack of realism. It could however be argued that this was McEwans goal to alienate this chapter to imbibe the message that it ispossible for anyone, however radical and intelligent to take suchextreme actions under the given circumstances and the pressures thatJoe faced. Ian McEwans Enduring Love Essay -- Ian McEwan Enduring Love EssaysIan McEwans Enduring LoveEvident throughout the entire plot of Enduring Love, Ian McEwanfuses three different genres love story, detective story andthriller. Each genre I believe has a set of expectations that capturesthe reader urging them to read on, for example a thriller genre wouldstereotypically be led by a fast, tense pace with characters easilyidentifiable as goodies and baddies. Different, fresh and novelMcEwan establishes his break up of typical genres as he mixes theelements of the three main genres and purposely doesnt stick to theirrigid framework that many authors swear by. It is however important toassess to what extent that McEwan successfully combines these genresand how effective his method is.During the exposition of Enduring Love, McEwan attempts to enticethe reader into making that commitment creating an addictivequality which I believe he does so by incorporating several stylisticdevices, flowing from one to the other throughout the entire of thefirst chapter. Focusing particularly on the action of the event Joe isdescribing, McEwan incorporates parts of the romance genre and thedetective story, switching from one to the other frequently. We setoff down our path arm in armthe warmth and tranquillity in hervoice, Concentrating on the romance genre, McEwan allows the re aderto feel a connection with Joe as we are made aware of his emotions forClarissa. Exploring different themes of love, we become acquaintedwith Clarissas love of Keats poetry, Clarissas interest in thesehypothetical letters had something to do with our own situation andthe love for others surrounding Joe at the station it was smiles andhugs, and in thirty-five m... ...he is telling her. Dont get angrywith me, Joe. You didnt see his face, and he wasnt in the square.To conclude, I believe that it is correct to state that Enduring Lovegracefully bridges genres, as McEwan intervenes from one genre toanother successfully without a break up in the plot. The onlyexception of this is, I believe is the chapter in which the thrillergenre is introduced as I believe that it is out of character for Joeto go such an extreme and this is the only part of the book that Ifelt I was not a part of, as McEwan failed to engage me fully with thelack of realism. It could however be argued that this was M cEwansintention to alienate this chapter to depict the message that it ispossible for anyone, however radical and intelligent to take suchextreme actions under the given circumstances and the pressures thatJoe faced.

Anthony Burgess A Clockwork Orange Essay -- Anthony Burgess Clockwork

Anthony Burgess A Clockwork orange treeChoice and free will be necessary to maintain hu military manity, both individually and communally without them, man is no longer human but a clockwork orange, a mechanical toy, as demonstrated in Anthony Burgess novel, A Clockwork Orange. The choice between good and evil is a decision every man must make throughout his life in order to lam his actions and control his future. Forcing someone to be good is not as important as the act of someone choo sing to be good. This element of choice, no matter what the outcome, displays mans power as an individual.A Clockwork Orange starts with Alex posing the question whats it going to be then, eh?. Burgess begins the story by demonstrating that Alex and his gang are free to do as they choose. Alex and his droogs are rebellious modern youth in an oppressive society. The droogs are tempted like all humanity by sin and try to show their hatred for the government with acts of extreme delirium. The violent and rebellious behavior is a result of free will, but without the presence of evil, there would be nothing for humanity to choose. Throughout part one of the novel the droogs choices often result in violent actions harming innocent people. Examples of their ultra-violence are rampant Alex and his droogs choose to overcharge and assault a man, Alex rapes young girls, and the droogs rob an old ptitsa who later dies from Alexs assault. As Burgess says evil has to exist along with good, in order that chaste choice may operateUnfortunately there is so much original sin in us all that we find evil preferably attractive. God gave individuals free will, and they are responsible for their actions. The government has no right to interfere with human nature. A person can choose to be good or evil as Alex tries to demonstrate when he says what I do I do because I like to do. With this statement, Alex clearly demonstrates that he is responsible for his actions and he chooses to act out agai nst society simply because he likes to, because he is attracted to sin. When Alex and his gang attack F. Alexander and his wife, we again witness horrible acts of violence that are ultimately the result of Alexs choice. This appalling scene is another example of Alex using his free will and his temptation towards evil.Evil is not completely part of Alexs life but the governments as well. Th... ...at its going to be, brothers. Alex willfully chooses to change his ways he decides to be productive, and chooses recognize over sin. He realizes that what he did in the past was wrong, as well as the immorality of his ways. It is through free moral choice that Alex arrives at this conclusion, not through a government technique forcing him to make the right decision. As part of the process of maturity, Alex would have likely selected this path naturally. However, the interference of the government and F.Alexanders interference with Alexs moral choice ultimately drove him to attempt suicid e to escape the evil ways they chose for reform.Moral choice can bakshis to violence, but without the risks, there would be nothing for humanity to choose. The government and F.Alexanders faction control Alexs free will to justify their own governmental agenda. They control his ability to choose without realizing that interfering with humanitys ability to exercise free will is evil. Both the government and F.Alexanders faction take aim to be the good guys when they are the true faces of pure evil. One has to remember that evil is a master of disguise. It often hides behind the mask of the hero.

Anthony Burgess A Clockwork Orange Essay -- Anthony Burgess Clockwork

Anthony Burgess A Clockwork OrangeChoice and free will are necessary to maintain humanity, both by the piece and communally without them, man is no longer human but a clockwork orange, a mechanical toy, as demonstrated in Anthony Burgess novel, A Clockwork Orange. The choice between good and vile is a decision every man must make throughout his life in rescript to guide his actions and control his future. Forcing someone to be good is non as important as the act of someone choosing to be good. This element of choice, no calculate what the outcome, displays mans power as an individual.A Clockwork Orange starts with Alex posing the question whats it going to be then, eh?. Burgess begins the story by demonstrating that Alex and his junto are free to do as they make. Alex and his droogs are rebellious modern youth in an oppressive society. The droogs are tempted like all humanity by sin and try to show their hatred for the government with acts of extreme violence. The violent and rebellious behavior is a result of free will, but without the presence of evil, in that location would be nothing for humanity to take aim. Throughout part one of the novel the droogs choices often result in violent actions harming innocent people. Examples of their ultra-violence are rampant Alex and his droogs choose to rob and assault a man, Alex rapes young girls, and the droogs rob an old ptitsa who later dies from Alexs assault. As Burgess says evil has to exist along with good, in determine that moral choice may operateUnfortunately there is so much original sin in us all that we find evil rather attractive. God gave individuals free will, and they are responsible for their actions. The government has no right to interfere with human nature. A person commode choose to be good or evil as Alex tries to demonstrate when he says what I do I do because I like to do. With this statement, Alex clear demonstrates that he is responsible for his actions and he chooses to act ou t against society simply because he likes to, because he is attracted to sin. When Alex and his gang attack F. Alexander and his wife, we again witness tremendous acts of violence that are ultimately the result of Alexs choice. This appalling scene is another example of Alex using his free will and his temptation towards evil.Evil is not only part of Alexs life but the governments as well. Th... ...at its going to be, brothers. Alex willfully chooses to change his ways he decides to be productive, and chooses love over sin. He realizes that what he did in the past was wrong, as well as the immorality of his ways. It is through free moral choice that Alex arrives at this conclusion, not through a government technique forcing him to make the right decision. As part of the process of maturity, Alex would have likely selected this path naturally. However, the interference of the government and F.Alexanders interference with Alexs moral choice ultimately drove him to attempt suicide to escape the evil ways they chose for reform.Moral choice can lead to violence, but without the risks, there would be nothing for humanity to choose. The government and F.Alexanders gang control Alexs free will to justify their take in political agenda. They control his ability to choose without realizing that interfering with humanitys ability to exercise free will is evil. Both the government and F.Alexanders faction claim to be the good guys when they are the true faces of pure evil. One has to remember that evil is a master of disguise. It often hides behind the mask of the hero.

A New Frontier for Social Media

The evolution of speech and communication is amazing. From grunting and signing to Tweets and Social Media rants. There was a time when a preferably Sun sidereal day afternoon on the front porch swing would meet capped Off good long week. Now, people are bombarded thousands of times a day with commercials, pops and spam email, Just to name a few. The horizon of modern day speech and communication is changing and not for the better it seems.Something that is interesting and thought kindle is the idea behind Alex Wrights statement from the essay, Befriending, Ancient or Otherwise, he states, The more time we spend talking online, the less time we spend, well, talking. And as we dilute the definition of a friend to encompass people we may never actually meet, will the strength of our real-world friendships grow diluted as we immerse ourselves in a lattice of hyperlinked friends? (Wright) This is the reality in which one lives today it stick out be seen and heard every day.Whether it is listening to conversations on the local commuter make or reading resumes of a jr. generations workforce, the disparities of an ever-changing royalty are real. A conversation can hardly be held and not here the term like used almost every other word or when a resume come across the desk of a hiring manager and it has text vocabulary used in it (l want 2 work 4 u). It is mind-blowing that the applicant does not realize that this is unacceptable and what is even more shocking, is the individual usually does not understand why they should not receive the Job because of this.These changes can also be seen in the way people communicate via email. In the essay, post and Merrimac by Eric Winner, he explains the differences in emails n a simplistic manner but what really comes through, is the differences in culture. Wieners assessment of the American people and their electronic communications is completely accurate. American are as Winner states, a bundle of contradictions ramblin g and soon enough direct deferential, yet arrogant. Winner) Americans do not think to be one-way or the other concerning their emails, it is Just an extension of who they are. Americans, as Winner eluded to, have allowed the email to replace the telephone. This can be seen in Americans tender media post, it is as if they are trying to relay all of the human emotions into a Backbone post, text, or Tweet. With all of the testing, emailing, and social media, society is losing its ability to communicate effectively, in person at least.If an individual cannot communicate effectively, then the problem discussed in Caroline Regiss essay, The Fine Art of Complaining, which was that individuals are not taken naughtily due to their inability to communicate effectively, will continue to perpetuate. Ergo stated that, effective complainers are people who act businesslike and important. (Ergo) An individual can have a very strong and intimidating presence in a room or meeting. However, their ability to communicate effectively goes out the windowpane the minute they sit behind a computer. Sure, they can relay their thoughts well.They can even, as Winner puts it in Airmail and Merrimac, be contradicting, they can ramble and yet be direct they can be deferential, yet arrogant. What they cannot be is confident, courageous, and patient. They cant have humility or tenacity. They cant show presence or be a not bad(p) orator. Without the ability to be great orators or masters of the spoken languages, society will continue to struggle to communicate across the ethnic divides. Amy Tan draw in her essay, Mother Tongue, her mothers predicament in relation to her mothers broken English.That it was hard for her mother to communicate with other people when she had to use her broken English. With the closing off and human avoidance that social media allows for, it is inevitable that this ethnic language bridge will continue to grow. One can see firsthand what social media is doing to the younger generations, when they start to look at who they are befriending and who they are following. It is sort of a friendship/followers dilemma, here it is not close the quality of a kindred but the quantity of relationships, that defines a great social circle.It is the lattice of hyperlinked friends, as they only care about how many followers they have and not about who is following them or what reason. Therefore, as Society ventures into the New Frontier of Social Media, these are the ways, which technology and communications of today are shaping the younger generations. As older adults have had the opportunity over the years to exercise their social acumen, they are less likely to fall complete victims of the heinous future. However, the younger generations have not had the same opportunity.

The Six Selves Adolescent Girls Face

Sonya Fulgham HD 300- Early Childhood Themes and Life Cycles 09/13/11 formula 1 There are a total of six selves, they are the physical, which deals with the changes in size, shape, and hormonal structure that upstart girls bodies go through. An emotional selves is the way that offspring girls deal with their feelings, a young girls emotions are extreme and ever changeable. Academic selves is how a young girl views her academic success, they are mystify in positions to feel inadequate about their intelligence in comparison to young boys.Thinking selves are when the young female tend to overanalyze and over popularise situations. Spiritual selves are the times were the young adolescent girls try to actively search for meaning and order in the universe in which they dwell. Social selves are the points were a young girl would disconnect from their parents emotionally and strive for the validation of their peers. All of these detailors can stomach a great impact on a young adolesc ent female.Physical selves happens to be a selves that I can totally relate to, because I can remember being in my young adolescent st bestride trying to understand and make sense of what exactly my body was going through. I started puberty by the age nine and I was not prepared for it. My mother had not reckonn the time to express to me that my body would endure changes. So I had a hard time excepting me for whom I was developing into physically. I felt like I was an alien, because I was starting to look different than the other young girls my age. accord, to the author Mary Pipher, (1994) the physical selves fix to when young adolescent females bodies are going through changes in the shape and sizes, along with the hormonal structure (Mary Pipher, 1994, p. 54). Which leads me to talk about, the emotional selves, this is a selves that hit post for me. Being a young girl that was developing at a rapid rate I can remember feeling moments of despair. Due to the fact that I no longe r looked like the young girls my age, boys would pick at me to the point that I would become full of anger. I would be so sicken that I would engage in fights.I was so confused, because these were the same boys that I was friends with playing football, racing, and be active with. My body changed and the young boys were starting to tease me. As stated in the book, Mary Pipher (1994) speaks about how despair and anger are the hardest to deal with as a young adolescents female (Pipher, 1994, p. 57). Eventually, this contributed to me losing my square self and replacing it with a false self. I found myself in a relationship with an older guy who acted as if he appreciated my body, which has direct to other emotional problems.Through that world wind I became pregnant at the age of fifteen. Me being pregnant at a young age interfered with my academic selves, because now I had to be responsible for another human being, small-arm trying to stay focused on my education, and losing my chi ldhood all at the same time. As I continued to read the book, Pipher (1994), expresses how boys tend to be portrayed as clever, brave, creative, and resourceful, however I feel as though I was experiencing boys and the girls attributes all at the same time (Mary Pipher, 1994, p. 62).However, I could not help but to feel as though I may not have been as smart as the other students that I attended high school with, because of the decision that I had made to have a child at such a young age. Therefore, I felt as though I needed to prove to other and myself that I was not a failure, so I did what I needed to so that I could complete high school with a baby and living on my own. Thinking selves, I definitely understand the process of the thinking selves. I had to think for two people and understand that the decisions that I make could not only alter me, but could affect my child.Having to be so responsible at a young age caused me to waitk out companions whom were also on the run, whi ch was expressed in the book (Mary Piper, 1994, p. 61). I now realize that we were not doing anything but playing house. Like discussed by Pipher, girls who stays connect to their true selves are also confused and sometimes overwhelmed. I can see how I overwhelmed myself by taking on to many responsibilities at such an early age, battling with trying to stay true to myself all the while losing myself all at the same time.Social selves is an aspect in my life that I struggle with even to this day, because I did not get the opportunity to see what healthy relationship consist of. My mother made poor choices when it came down to the company she kept. Some of the people she surrounded herself around were prohibit influences in her life, which lead her down a road of abuse. She became addicted to drugs and we were exposed to her being in an abusive relationship. Which has contributed to me not making the best decisions about the people whom I chose to hold in my life.As stated by Mary Pipher (1994), adults who are struggling with their own problems such as depression, drugs or alcohol addiction or disabling poverty often have no energy to parent (Mary Pipher, 1994, p. 65). I now understand the importance about talking to your children, and giving them advice about how historic it is to be cautious about what types of people they allow to enter into their lives. Because when children do not have direction and direction from their parents they can fall prey to negative influences.Spiritual selves is an important self to possess, because it can give you the comfort in understanding that there is a greater power than yourself, which equips you with a belief and grade system. I was not fortunate enough to gain that in my adolescent years, my mother did not take us to church or help us develop a sense of our spiritual selves. It wasnt until I was face with prison time did I learn about how important it was to have a set of beliefs and values to help me with guidanc e and direction.I now understand why I must allow myself the right to develop my spiritual selves. According to Mary Pipher (1994), only when we reconnect with the parts of ourselves that are alive and true will we again have the energy to take on the culture and understand our spiritualism (Mary Pipher, 1994, p. 72). In conclusion the experiences that I have shared have shown how the development stages of the six selves, physical, emotional, academic, thinking, social, and spiritual could affect a young adolescent females life.Without the proper guidance and understanding adolescent females find themselves trapped in this vicious cycles of false selves well into their adulthood, until they take out the time and face these issues. They will need to take the time to search within and find their true selves so that they can become truly happy. I am now on a move to finding my true selves, and I am starting to feel good about being me. References Pipher, M. (1994). Reviving Ophelia S aving the selves of adolescent girls. New York, NY Ballantine Books

Hydrogen Gas Lab Essay

* For the mass, an hesitation of0.01g was used, as the uncertainty was stated on the weighing machine.* For the volume, an uncertainty of0.05mL was used, as it was half the smallest increment on the graduated cylinder.* For the temperature, an uncertainty of0.5 was used, as it was half the smallest increment on the thermometer.Sample CalculationConverting mL to L info ProcessingMagnesium+HCl Reaction- conclusion the bulwarkar volume at STP of total heat ordnance when HCl is reacted with magnesium.Finding Pressure of(Pressure of H2O at 21=0.02763)Finding Volume of at STP0.002Sample CalculationFinding Uncertainty forFinding moles ofMoles ofFinding mill Volume of at STP.Zinc+HCl Reaction by experimentation calculating molar mass of zinc using the ideal gas laws.Finding Pressure of(Pressure of H2O at 21=0.02763)Finding Moles ofDetermining Molar Mass of ZnConclusionIn conclusion it was put that the molar volume of hydrogen gas that was produced when hydrochloric acid reacted with ma gnesium was 19L/mol3. Ideally it should be 22.4L/mol according to the ideal gas laws. in that respect is a percent difference of 15% between the two values. But if uncertainties are considered the percent difference is decreased to 2%. This is an acceptable value because the actual value of 22.4L/mol is an approximation in ideal conditions according to the ideal gas laws. The ideal gas laws wear upont take into consideration the attractive forces between atoms, or the volume of the atoms. And most likely if those circumstanceors were considered then the percent difference would be 0%.For the scrap part of the experiment it was experimentally found using the ideal gas laws that the molar mass of zinc is 124 g/mol. When compared with the actual value of 65g/mol, there is a percent difference of 90%. And even if uncertainties are considered, the percent difference is provided reduced to 64%. This is too boastfully therefore the data is rendered unreliable.There were quite a few w eaknesses and limitations in this lab. First of all the volume of H2O mixed in with the H2 gas was not considered. Had it been considered, then the volume found at STP would have been lower, and it would give a more blameless measurement to what the experimental value is. Another weakness in this lab was the fact that the molar mass of zinc was twice as big as its accepted value. The most likely reason for this is that when the zinc reacted, it is likely that some of the hydrogen gas was not in the beaker, but the hydrogen gas flee into the air.That is why when the formula n=PV/RT was used, the volume in the numerator was half as big as it should be, which in turn caused the calculated molar mass to double. So it can be assumed that approximately half the hydrogen gas escaped into the air. Another weakness was the fact that the apparatus was left over night, and so if there was a microscopic hole or crack, then the chances of the hydrogen escaping is precise high. This would be t rue because, and since hydrogen has the lowest molar mass of all the elements, it would have a very high velocity, and so it is possible that the hydrogen gas was able to escape through a microscopic hole at a fast rate because it has such a high velocity. Not only that, but since it was left overnight, it would have had more time to escape the beaker.There are a number of ways that this lab could be improved. First of all, a new graduated cylinder should be used to ensure that there are no cracks or holes through which the hydrogen gas can escape. along with that the apparatus should not be left out overnight, but instead the reaction should be speeded up by heating up the apparatus, and then winning the measurements of the volume of gas every 1 minute. This in turn would decrease the amount of energy lost to the environment, and it would end up giving more accurate results.Next time, the volume of should also be considered. A percentage value can be used, since we know the pressu re that gives, that pressure can be reborn into a percent, and multiplies by the total volume, and then inversed. This in turn will in turn give the volume of .This will hold true because V=nRT/P, so pressure and volume are inversely proportional, and since nRT is a constant V and P have to change accordingly.

Scarlet Letter Images

Joseph Gurke 10. 17. 2012 Ms. Boas P. 1 The Scarlet Letter Light, Dark, Sun set out and Shadows Throughout his entire sustenance, Nathaniel Hawthorne had lived in seclusion from people and society, isolating himself and his thoughts behind a mysterious shade. This whitethorn explain why the approximations of sin, secrecy and guilt are used in Hawthornes fiction, exploring hidden human dimensions.The images of sin, secrecy, and guilt are constantly portrayed in Nathaniel Hawthornes, The Scarlet Letter, through the presence of recurring motifs of light and dark, sunshine and shadows as these themes aid the readers depiction of the separation between evil and goodness. Images of light are seen throughout the novel The Scarlet Letter. These images illuminate a characters true intention and personality, yet at the same time, force a character to overcompensate certain aspects of his personality while under the public eye.The view of Hester on the scaffold, when she is receiving her pu nishment for adultery in front of the public eye, the image of light illuminates her reddish letter and sin liberating Hester from public judgment and the bruise of concealing sin, Those who had before known her, and had expected to behold her dimmed and obscured by a disastrous cloud, were astonished, and pull down startled, to perceive how here beauty shown out, and make a halo of the misfortune and ignominy in which she was enveloped. (49).The fact the Hesters sin is known to all and that she is stands stately with her baby in her arms and the scarlet letter on her chest shows that she no longer needs to conceal anything from the public eye, And never had Hester Prynne appeared more lady-like, in the antique interpretation of the term, than as she issued from the prison. (49). After being revealed to the public, Hester must now live in isolation with nature, self-reliance and non-conformity being the ethics in her life yet having the relief of wearing sin on her chest.Sunli ght is a naturally occurring light and one that reflects goodness and pureness in characters. It is a positive image, representing cleanliness and wish of sin in this novel. When in the fo moderation with Pearl, the sunlight avoids Hester completely while she carries the scarlet letter on her chest, M other(a), said little Pearl, the sunshine does not kip down you. It runs away and hides itself, because it is afraid of something on your bosom. . . . It will not flee from me for I wear nothing on my bosom yet (161).When she removes the letter, sunlight flows into the forest, bringing everything to light and removing any shadows present, So speaking, she undid the clasps that fastened the scarlet letter, and, taking it from her bosom, through it to a distance among the withered leaves. (191) All at once, as with the sudden smile of heaven, frontwards burst the sunshine, pouring a very flood into the obscure forest, gladdening each green leaf, transmuting the yellow fallen ones to gold, and gleaming adown the grey trunks of the solemn trees. The objects that had made a shadow hitherto, embodied the brightness now. (191).The sunlight represents cleanliness washing sin, secrecy and guilt from characters, allowing them to feel a sense of exemption, Her sex, her youth, and the whole richness of her beauty (190). With the absence of the scarlet letter, sunlight floods the forest and surrounding area around Hester and Dimmesdale, removing any shadows, which represent evil and bondage, and with this flood of sunshine comes a parvenu feeling of freedom for both, exactly what sunshine represents in the text, And as if the gloom of the earth and the sky had been but the effluence of those two mortal hearts, it vanished with their sorrow. (190). Darkness is a constant theme in this novel, representing guilt, sin and secrecy, major themes that Nathaniel Hawthorne incorporates into his literature. Dimmesdale, Hester and Pearl meet on the scaffold, under the sinfulness of night and shadows, the only time that Dimmesdale can express his sin and evil, Mr. Dimmesdale reached the soil where, now so long since, Hester Prynne had lived through her first hours of public ignominy. (133).The scaffold shows the irony of Hester and Dimmesdales situation because Hester, in the daylight reveals her sin to the town and could be freed from the bondage of hiding sin, and now Dimmesdale, after seven years is revealing his sin on the scaffold to only Hester at night, still feeling the pain of bondage and concealment of this sin. It is the only time that Dimmesdale, Hesters lover and Pearls father ever embraces them and can openly reveal his sin, but the phantasm does not allow him to be free. The minister felt for the childs other hand and took it. The moment that he did so, there came what seemed tumultuous rush of new life, other life than his own, pouring like a torrent into his heart, and hurrying through his veins, as if the mother and child were communicat ing their vital warmth to his half-torpid system. The threesome formed and electrical chain. (142).This love that the minister feels frees him of his bondage and cleanses his soul for a moment in time, yet this moment is enveloped back by the surrounding darkness that takes all hope of escape from him. Hester experienced this escape on the same scaffold that they are on yet in the light that allowed her to live the rest of her life without this bondage to sin, that under darkness, the minister cannot be free. Light, dark, shadows and sunlight, are all motifs that Nathaniel Hawthorne uses to describe different types of emotions in the text.Light and its more natural form in sunlight reflect the goodness in characters and the ability to be free from bondage with nothing holding you back, no pain of concealing sin. While one the other hand darkness and shadows allow the characters to reflect their emotions and reveal sin, but under darkness these emotions and secrets will not reach a nyone else and will keep characters like Dimmesdale in bondage and pain. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York Bantam Books, 1986. Print.

The Ttc: Private, Public, or Private-Public Partnership?

In July 2012, the TTC was evaluated and given a disappointing grade by TTCriders Group based on its performance at five aspects. These five aspects ar about fares, go finished expansion, accessibility, work frequency, and environmental impact (TTC gets, 2012). Unlike any early(a) major city in trades union America, the TTC fares covered 70% of its operating cost, which was the highest fare box ratio within the 11 major northerly American cities (See App sackix 1). afterward derailed for 16 months, transit expansion plan finally came back on track, still with concerns about certainty of funds.Due to cypher constraints, the target timeline of reservation all new and existing resistance accessible has been pushed back several times from 2020 to 2024, then to 2025. The TTC ridership increased by 12. 5% in 2011 while function levels only rose by 8. 4%, resulting in insufficient service to connect our neighborhoods. As for the environmental impact, the TTC collected no data for this purpose (The state, 2012). All these issues are mainly accounted for pro doured work out deficits, which the TTC has been struggling for more years.HISTORY OF THE TTC The Toronto Transportation Committee (TTC) is a prevalent transport service agency established in 1954, the third largest transit system in North America that operates streetcar, transit spate, and rapid transit service (subway and RT) in Toronto. The TTC consists of four repaid transit service lines with 69 stations, 149 bus routes and 11 streetcar lines, making 243 connections among them. In 2011, the ridership went up to 500. 2 one million million million, which exceeded all historical records.The TTC service covers the Greater Toronto Area benefited 4. 5 million people. Particularly, the TTC provides Wheel-Trans service that is responsible for door-door accessible transit service for physically disabled people, 2. 7 million trips made through this service in 2011 (2011 TTC, 2011). Toronto Private Transpor tation Companies 1849-1921 The Williams Omnibus Bus limn was the first private-owned battery-acid company in Toronto, which carried passengers in stagecoaches drawn by horses erving a limited area along Young street in 1849. With the population growth, Williams Omni Bus Line was heavily loaded. The city then gave the first transit franchise for a street railway to Alexander Eastons Toronto Street Railway (TSR) in 1861. After the franchise expired in 1891, the city passed on the right to a new company, the Toronto Railway Company (TRC), under James Ross and William Mackenzie. The TRC made the first galvanizing car ran on August 15, 1892 to take over the franchise requirement.The city limits had extended greatly by 1912. The city attempted many times to force TRC adjoin its treat area, and failed. In order to build several routes and better serve the greater area, the city created its own street railway operation, the Toronto Civic Railways (TCR). By 1921 when TRCs franchise exp ired, the city created the Toronto Transportation Commission combined with the TCR (Filey, 1996). Toronto Transportation Commission 1921- 1954 Toronto Transportation Commission went through boom times and down times from 1921 to 1954.Streetcars and railways served increasingly in the extended Toronto area. There were many remarkable milestones during this period such as 575 new Peter Witt street cars entered service in 1921 first gasoline-electric crossing bus entered service in 1926 in 1927, TTC expanded its lines of service with Island ferry, hydro-electric railway, and other intercity bus service TTC overcome the stock crash in 1929 and made improvements 745 PPC streetcars, which are also called red rocket, entered service in 1938 The great moment came on Sep. 8, 1949, that the city of Toronto was symbolized with its opening ceremony of Canadas First Subway in 1954 Toronto Transportation Commission was renamed as Toronto voyage Committee (A cavalcade, 1954). TORONTO TRANSIT CO MMITTEE AND ITS BUDGET ISSUES Financial Situation at Beginning From the early 1950s, Toronto Transit Committee had been operated by the supervision of Metropolitan Toronto, which was under the auspices of Province of Ontario who united Toronto with other 12 suburbs. Since the opening of its first subway in 1954, TTC had aforethought(ip) to expand its subway due to increasing needs of the largely adjacent Metro area.This plan was facing obstacles because of the quadrupled bus service and the pressure from Metro Toronto to association up unprofitable service to the suburbs. The development of the TTC went forward because of the indemnity of Metro Toronto as well as the Province of Ontario, making the entire capital budget came from taxpayers. In the 1970s and the 1980s, the Toronto Transit Commission was seen worldwide as a transportation showcase. From 1979 until 1990, it won awards after awards for safety and design (A BRIEF, 2012).From 1972, the TTCs operating profit was greatly affected by the request from the metropoliss political pressure, which was to eliminate the fare zone system to pr make upt the suburban paying an additional fare. By the late of 1980s, the subsidies from Metro Toronto and the Province was up to a quarter of the taxpayers money, which was 32% of the TTC total revenue, however, the subsidy level within the North American cities was still the lowest (A BRIEF, 2012). Budget Cuts from the Province By the late 1990s, budgets shortage became a major issue for the TTC.Previously the TTCs subsidies were split in halves provided by the Province and the City. On Feb. 18, 1996, the newly elected government of Mike Harris ended the province subsidy for the TTC. In 1998, provincial government put an end to the federal system of Metro Toronto and let Toronto become a unified City. The result was a significant cutback in transit services. The City of Torontos subsidy of the TTC was roughly $150 million, and the TTC had a continental high farebox recovery of 82%. With passengers paying far more for far worse service, the TTCs ridership had dropped to roughly 360 million (A HISTORY, 2012) (See auxiliary 2).From that point on, the TTC has been always struggling among its fare box recovery, city subsidy, and possible subsidy from the province of Ontario. The TTC would sacrifice its frequent service and routes to make it its operation cost. The TTC also have many employees working overtime to compromise the labor cost, saying that this way can be more cost cost-effective than hiring more employees. Nevertheless, the TTC was renowned because of its sunshine list that has more and more employees every year earning more than $100,000 annually. Other ProblemsAlong with struggles for its budget subsidies, the TTC also had been dragged off by other problems such as service cuts, fare hikes, and union strikes. In February 2012, The TTC reduced its frequency service on more than 35 routes in order to meet its targeted operating budge t (TTC bus, 2012). In November 2009, the TTC board discussed a fare increases proposal that would generate $62 million (TTC fare, 2009). This fare hike was implemented on January 3, 2010 (Litwinenko, 2009) (See Appendix 3). The bargaining between the TTC and its union had been on and off for decades.In March 2011, at the request of Mayor Rob Ford, the Ontario government agreed to ban transit strikes in Toronto and would pass a bill to set the TTC as an essential service. In a long-run, critics argued that this would cost taxpayers more because TTC contract disputes could cause bigger raise to site in the arbitration (Liberals close, 2011). OPTIONS FOR THE TTC Given the facts that the TTC consistently facing budget shortage, frequent service reduction and routes cut, and union issues, the discussion of finding solutions for the TTC has been ongoing for a long time.Some people hazard that privatizing the TTC would make the TTC operating efficiently and profitably in the presents of private company. Others argue that private sector emerging in a public transit could be a better option, giving the reason that private sector infuse profitable drives and boost skills in a public transit system. Many others defend that the TTC should stay public in order to serve better for the public rather than only chasing profit as what happened in private companies. Each of them gives insights of this transportation crisis. Privatizing the TTCThe voices of privatizing the TTC is not sound nowadays comparing to 1990s. Corcoran (1990) stated blankly mass transit and mass losses go hand in hand. He doubted the reason of government so heavily involved in public transportation and the seemingly inherent unprofitable operations. in spite of the fact that government rejected the proposal by five developers for investment to build the subway extension, a public transit system proved its capability in managing this mass system, which was badly managed, underfinanced, poorly planned, and heavily subsidized. Private-Public allianceWith regards to privatizing the TTC, many people generally meant to privatize parts of the TTC because they still want the TTC remain the function to serve and benefit the public. Which parts should be privatized could be a complex process of evaluation. City councilor Karen Stintz thought adding some private-sector appointees could boost skills on the TTC board without reducing its office to the public. Private-sector members could contribute project management, financial and customer service skills (Kalinowski, 2010). Staying Public Staying public remains its power in many peoples thoughts towards the TTC.These people think public transit should benefit the public in its full strength. Serving the TTC riders at its very best could be conflict sometimes with gaining profit through the operation. Knowing and still offering some money-losing services to benefit its needed riders differentiate the public system from the private or so-ca lled private-public partnership system. withhold TTC public, the message was given through a coalition, the public transit alliance with the members from the Toronto Environmental Alliance, the Amalgamated Transit Union, Local 113, and community activists.They held a $500,000 ad campaign for Keep TTC public to claim that private or private-public partnership can be a disastrous experiment for Torontonians, and the TTC should stay public (Yuen, 2010). The boob tube of Keep TTC public presented compelling reasons against transit privatization, compared with other cities transit system that were in either private or private-public partnership. The examples used were London, Melbourne, Auckland, and Vancouver. In 2003, a Private-Public Partnership was introduced in London transit system. This partnership ended in 2009 because the 30 years contacted of ? 7 billion was used up in 7. 5 years, and even overspent more than ? 1 billion. Private companies ran Auckland transport by using the zone system. Due to the tickets difference, riding the similar distance as from Scarborough to Etobicoke would cost $16. 5 in Auckland. When Melbourne government decided to privatize its transit system, its original objective was to reduce the citys subsidy and increase the quality of service by using the private company. By 1999 when the privatization became effect, the subsidy to the transit system doubled the previous level when it was in public.Till 2010, comparing between Melbourne and Toronto, the subsidy to Melbourne transit system was 4 times than the subsidy for the TTC, while the ridership of Melbourne transit system was just 1/3 of the TTC. Vancouver Canada line was another example for PPP (Private-Public Partnership) which drown money from the bus fares to subsidize this rapid transit line. This video logically presented the historical cases from different angles to demonstrate the disability of the private system to public transit, giving an inevitable report that the private company operates for the profit rather than the benefit to the ublic (Keep TTC, 2010). CONCLUSION In December 2011 the 2012 Budget Committee meeting, the TTC presented its less services on many routes because of the subsidy budget cut (Munro, 2011). It is a definite scheme that the TTC will still be facing various problems due to its political context, budget structure, service range, and union issue, simply put as its complexity. Looking back its history and steps of its developments, the TTC managed to meet the service requirement and survived in public for todays economy. However, the debate of whichever is the best solution for the TTC will still be ongoing.There is no simple answer for this question, but only hopes that people wish the TTC carry on its responsibility in better serving the people in Toronto. REFERENCES A brief history of transit in Toronto. (2012). Transit Toronto. Retrieved from http//transit. toronto. on. ca/spare/0012. shtml A calvalcade of progress. (1954). TTC. ca. Retrieved from http//www. ttc. ca/About_the_TTC/History/cavalcade_of_progress. jsp A history on fares on the TTC. (2012). Transit Toronto. Retrieved from http//transit. toronto. on. ca/spare/0021. shtml Corcoran.T, (1990). Privatizing the TTC would relieve strain on subway service. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com. ezproxy. library. yorku. ca/business/docview/385631727/1383962EB1D56AD7336/2? accountid=15182 Filey. M, (1996). The TTC story. Toronto, Ontario Dundurn Press. Retrieved from http//www. ttc. ca/About_the_TTC/History/The_first_75_years. jsp Kalinowski. T, (2010). TTC board could could be public, private mix Non-elected members, bring new skills Stintz. Toronto Star. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com. ezproxy. ibrary. yorku. ca/docview/812554793? accountid=15182 KeepTTCPublicToronto, (2010, September 17). Keep TTC public. Video retrieved from http//www. youtube. com/ sentry? v=xAmnmehAy3w Liberals close debate on bill declaring TTC essential service. (2011). The Canadian Press. Retrieved from http//www. cp24. com/liberals-close-debate-on-bill-declaring-ttc-essential-service-1. 614350 Litwinenko. J, (2009). TTC fare hike approved. Blogto. Retrieved from http//www. blogto. com/city/2009/11/ttc_fare_hike_approved/ TTC bus service cut back. (2012). Toronto Star.Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com. ezproxy. library. yorku. ca/business/docview/921300938/138368A888C7C5B89BC/2? accountid=15182 Munro. S, (2011). Can the TTC survive budget 2012?. Torontoist. Retieved from http//torontoist. com/2011/12/can-the-ttc-survive-budget-2012/ TTC fare hike is unavoidable. (2009). Toronto Start. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com. ezproxy. library. yorku. ca/business/docview/439627577/1383691789B38A6B670/8? accountid=15182 2011 TTC operating Statistics. (2011). TTC. ca. Retrieved from http//www. TTC. caTTC gets failing grade from TTCriders group. (2012). City News Toronto. Retrieved from http//www. ci tytv. com/toronto/citynews/news/local/article/215620ttc-gets-failing-grade-from-ttcriders-group The state of public transit in Toronto. (TTCriders, 2012). Retrieved from http//www. ttcriders. ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/The-State-of-Public-Transit-in-Toronto-July-2012. pdf Yuen. J, (2010). Keep TTC public-coalition. Toronto Sun. Retrieved from http//www. torontosun. com/news/torontoandgta/2010/09/20/15415186. html APPENDIX 1 REVENUE/COST RATIOS CANADATTC Montreal Ottawa Vancouver 70% (2011) 56% (2009) 43% (2009) 48% (2009) REVENUE/COST RATIOS U. S. TTC? Atlanta Chicago Los Angeles New York Philadelphia Boston Washington 70% 29% 40% 29% 54% 38% 42% 45% (2011) (2009) (2009) (2009) (2009) (2009) (2009) (2009) Source City of Toronto Toronto Transit Commission 2011-2020 Capital Plan, http//www. toronto. ca/budget2011/pdf/presentation11_ttc. pdf APPENDIX 2 TORONTO STATISTICS FOR 1921-2004 APPENDIX 3

Gay marriage Essay

Homosexual married couple is one of the old but controversial issues around the world. Comp atomic number 18d to the past, it seems to stimulate a to a greater extent open debate among people. At the same time, people seem to be more swayable than before, but towards the queer marriage, different voices have unsounded been hovering in the air. Gay people and their supporters have been striving for their rights to fuck off married legally, while others who against gay marriage have never stopped deterring it.Strongly against gay marriage is the central theme of Louis P. Sheldons denomination Gay Marriage Unnatural. According to the conditions views, gay marriage is unnatural, and it is reverse gear to the essence of the marriage. Meanwhile, it disobeys Americans social values as healthful as against their standards.In explaining his perspectives, the author has stated that homosexual marriage is rejected by main Americans accord to the polls. In particular, he assumes that g ay marriage is both culturally and physically incompatible since the gay people lack of reproduction capacity, to do so, third psyche has to be involved, which violates the nature of marriages. Drawing on to sustain his views, the author claims that the majorities wishes and values of their communities have been unconcerned by judges. Instead, the gay people start to gain more special rights from the judicial tyranny throughout America. Therefore, churches might have to face civil suit for failing to perform homosexual marriage.To reinforce his views, the author insists that it is a chosen behaviour rather than genetic because no reputable medical organizations have ever asserted that is biological. Finally, in the article, Sheldon has restated the poll that 80 percent of Americans are opposed to homosexuals marriage.How believable though, is his statements that according to every reputable public poll approximately 80 percent of Americans are against the same sex marriage? depres sion of all, cogitation on the data, which the author draws on tosupport his views, are required. The numbers he presented seem attractive and persuasive, but it is worth noting that no source has been provided for them, so readers do not know how trustworthy they are. In my view, it would be more convincing for example to try referencing the data in his claims like the quoted above as well as the gay peoples average income is twice higher than that of non-gay people in America, and his figures will not be questioned. The author of this article can therefore be criticised here for a lack of citation of sources to back up his views.Another questionable aspect of this article is its hidden premises. Although the author does not openly state that the marriage should be generational, otherwise they should get divorce, this could be understood from the authorss statement that gay marriage is not generational. While marriage is not only about generating offspring but also means love. It i s an insulting claim for the couples who in love but alas could not have children might because fertility problems, health issues, over age, their chosen life style of Dink family, so do they have to separate with all(prenominal) other just because of that? Is it really the essence of marriage? I do not think so. In my view, whether to have kids or not in couples marriage lives, it is a matter that couples, including gay couples need to consider and judge not by other irrelevant people, and it should not be an excuse to despoil others rights to get married. Anyhow, the quality of this article has been degraded due to the hidden premises.The author also commits the fallacy of unsubstantiated claims. He insists that Homosexuality is a behaviour-based life-style. However, there is no make headway explanations on why he asserts that can be found in this article. Besides, it seems that he also has no evidence to proof that is a chosen behaviour. Furthermore, he mentions that homosexua lity people only take up 10 percent of the whole population in America, while the data he referred is not substantiated. scorn these shortcomings, Sheldons article still has some value and we need to judge it in terms of the authors purpose in writing it. It is not intended to be a rigid piece of academic work, but is mainly focused onarousing peoples attention as well as persuading them to against the legalisation of gay marriage. Therefore, the author has employed loaded words in this piece which have greatly improved the pothos of the article. For example, he uses a dead end street, hardware problem, judicial tyranny, cry the shrillest claim of victimhood, single out and sanitise. These words could easily clinch readers emotions and lead them act immediately without further considered judgment. Finally reaches his purpose of writing this article. Personally, I think he has successfully applied loaded words in this article.

Food Safety and Sanitation Essay

In todays dirty, filthy, impoverished world, it is important to keep our food clean. Without clean food, we be susceptible to diseases and viruses, and our lifespan shortens by years depending on the inflicted disease. Ebola can spread through food. That banana youre about to eat? It wasnt mightily cleaned. Now you have Ebola. Get ready, Im going to get some facts up in this.Restaurants have to follow a set of rules, as do food suppliers. We all do. But these are very specific rules that insure the quality and cleanliness of our food. Lets begin with temperature control. Heres a bulleted list to explain in a short and sweet method. Avoid prolonged holding in the danger zoned (from 40F to140F). Provide functional thermometers to all food storage boxes.Monitor the temperature on serving lines on a regular frequency. Thaw frozen foods at a lower place refrigeration or under cold water.Do not thaw foods at room temperature.Regardless of type of processing or food manipulation operat ion, the number one consideration in food sanitation is people. Persons known to be suffering from, or known to be carriers of a disease likely to be transmitted through food, essential be restricted from any food-handling area. Likewise, persons afflicted with infected wounds, skin infections, sores, etc., must besides be restricted from these areas.Facilities with thermal water for hand-washing must be provided and must be convenient to food handling areas. All personnel involved in food handling must thoroughly wash hands with soap under warm-running, potable water. Hands must also be washed later handling contaminated materials and after using toilet facilities, as well as disinfectant hand dips. Personal cleanliness must also be maintained while involved in food handling operations Sanitary preventative clothing, hair covering, and footwear must be worn and maintained in a clean, sanitarymanner. Gloves, if worn, must be clean and sanitary.All food-handling personnel must remove object (i.e. watches, jewelry) from their person which may take back into or contaminate the food product. Tobacco, gum, and food are not permitted in food-handling areas All food-processing and handling room and other rooms must be in a clean, sanitary manner. A major ascendent of plant contamination is from custodial personnel and equipment. All custodial brushes and equipment must be in dear repair as well as being clean and sanitary. Now in a not so serious tone, the conclusion. We must keep our food and food-handling areas clean because otherwise, epidemics can start. Stomach viruses, Ebola, and etc. go forth spread quickly and the apocalypse will occur. Only YOU can prevent epidemics. Simply wash your hands, cough out into your elbow, and sneeze into a wad of paper. And wash your hands again. Then rub disinfectant all over.

Legal Process Essay

The scenario for this paper states that antic is an employee in a private sector organic law and he wants to file a contrariety complaint against his employer. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and explain in detail what the legal process is for filing such complaint. The paper will also explain the musical composition that the courts play in these types of complaints. Every sideslip is different so the paper will explain how these laws potentially apply to pottyful.John has decided to file a discrimination complaint against his employer. However, John is not certain(a) how or what needs to be done in order to do this so he must(prenominal) beginning(a) do some research. The Equal avocation Opportunity Commission (EEOC) was created to protect employees like John from discrimination violations. The laws against discrimination at work include race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, and disability (Bennett &Anderson, 2007). All these laws are implement by the EEOC.The law states that if a person believes that they are a victim of discrimination they must first file a complaint through the EEOC before filing a lawsuit against the employer (EEOC, 2013). John has some(prenominal) ways that he post initiate the process of filing his complaint he can lease to file in person at a nearest location or he can file through mail. He will need to disclose some information in makeup like his name, phone number, employers name, address, and a brief but detailed summary of the violation/s with dates and locations.All these things are very important because the EEOC can determine whether or not an investigation is needed. harmonise to the EEOC John has 180 days to file a complaint but if in his state at that place are any laws against discrimination it can extended to 300 days to file a complaint. withal it is important to know that in some cases in that respect are state and local laws that prohibit discrimination in the work place so the EEOC will automatically file the charge with the Fair Employment Practices Agencies (FEPA) which protect the victim under both federal and state law (EEOC, 2013).Now that John is entrap to file his complaint with the EEOC he know just needs to wait for them to handle the charge. The EEOC must apprize the employer within 10 days of receiving the complaint. Depending on the case that John whitethorn have the EEOC may cranny that both parties participate in mediation as a way to resolve the issue. However if the case is more severe and or if this doesnt resolve the issue the case will be presumption to an investigator for the case to be looked into with more detailed (EEOC, 2013). The EEOC will establish the priority level of the convey and if any laws have been broken.Of course at any point during the process a settlement may be pursued however if it is not workable, the investigation will carry on and once the investigation is complete the EEOC will make a decision on the case. If t he investigation determines that there was no expose of the law the discrimination charges will be dismissed. Notification is then provided to John as a right wing to sue and he may then file a lawsuit against his employer. In some cases there may not be an investigation because the EEOC finds that John has very little evidence and that there rightfully was no discrimination violation they may choose to close the complaint.If that is the case John would also be notified by mail and he has the option of filing a civil lawsuit against his employer. Once John decides to proceed with the civil lawsuit the courts would now get involve. At this point it would be a acceptable idea for John to hire an attorney who specializes in job law. In this type of lawsuit the employer can request to have a jury present, if that is the case the jury would listen to both sides of the story, their evidence and their witnesses.A judge will make the final decision in instances such as this. If however, the losing side feels the finding of fact is unjust they are still able to request an appeal of the verdict. The Appeals Court renders the final judgment leave out in cases in which a petition is filed with the US Supreme Court. Discrimination has become difficult to spot in the global workplace, for the protection of the employee and the employer businesses must be mindful of relevant state and federal employment laws and the procedure for tackling discrimination.Companies must communicate the no tolerance policy for discrimination to all employees because employee rights are esteemed. loaded acts can be found in varied workplace environments, the employment hiring process, the office setting, and even during the death of an employee. When a discrimination suit is filed against an employer, the process can be long and extensive. These discrimination laws have been make available to employees to use when individuals believe that a violation of employee rights has occurred in t he workplace.

Education Reflection papers Essay

musing Students Can Improve by Studying their Learning Processes Before I started my student- educational activity at the UBHS, I listed push down some of my observations with the Grade 8 students bid their strengths and weaknesses. This is wherefore I formulated my goals and objectives that I need to deliver the steady-goings in order to address these concerns when I allow for be teaching them. Most of the students atomic number 18 actively participating still there atomic number 18 times that they are in addition active to handle. When they get worldly during the discussion, they start guggleing creating nuisance and distraction on the teachers part. On the other(a) hand, most(prenominal) of them as well are expressive into sharing their feelings and experiences to the manikin. When I ask them what they felt unto a certain experience, they disregard describe this in details. But when I speciate them to write it as an essay or in few paragraphs, they are unable to do so. Moreover, I overly observed that students keep making the akin error during Science classes especially in the problem-solving activities.The worst part is that they founding fathert really brainpower if they fail maybe, beca consumption most of them are doing it. I discharge fore earn that this is becoming a habit and when they are promoted to the next level, it would be the same problem all over again unless they decide to change this cycle. Its a good thing that I read this article when I was preparing my orientation with the class in the beginning I would be their teacher. At the real first day that I entered the room as their teacher, I introduced my rules on behavior, attitude and classroom management. Along with attitude, I told them that in my class, Science is not only slightly intellect unless it in any case includes application, determination and other virtues they should keep in mind. I shared to them what I read in this article, that they should know th eir go overing functioninges in order to improve not only their grades but excessively their learning strategies. concord to the principles of learning, Learning is an active process which is activated by the learner himself. On the other hand, Learning is a painful process but it is non-sense if you got harm and in condition(p) nothing. So, get up, looking your mistakes and extend to it right this time.These are my words to them which got their circumspection and until now, they keep on reflecting on them and visiting by what this means to them. Every time I got the chance, it may annoy them but I keep on reminding them these principles. Whenever they got low scores during quizzes, I ask them, so what should you do ab disclose it? I pa map andsay, That right, find out where you went wrong(p) and next time dont make the same error again. In that way, you will make-up for the lost points while gaining up confidence for your achievement. Dont open up with just few failure s preferably use these failures to motivate you to learn a portion out more.Sometimes, I opine Im not teaching Science anymore or Im teaching Science less. My objectives in my lesson are to define terms, derive formulas, demonstrate the concept, etc. but it seems at the death of the lesson, I wasnt able to achieve them cause I discussed more on how to improve their rent habits, attitude, behavior. After teaching with them in almost three weeks, I noticed that with the self-regulated assessment, most had improved with this experimental method. I think its a slow, long process worry the evolution but with patience, perseverance and other necessary characteristics, I will be able to achieve this goal. I hope that during my diaphragm with them, I will be able to help the students not only to survive but withal to excel. cum Glenn, D.The Education Digest.September 2010. p.13-20 Reflection 3Using Humor in the ClassroomIts a trend for the students to consume a misconception and pre-conviction that Science is a stone-cold, serious and boring subject. This is why few are interested to listen during Science classes and which is to a fault why it makes our job as Science teachers a lot more difficult. According to this article and the principles of teaching, using humor is sexual relation for the students to like the teacher. At first, I dont really motorcare if the students like me or not just as long as they listen to me. But at the students age and level of maturity, its a pre-requisite for them to like me so they will listen to me. So, I started adding the enough sense of humor during my Science classes. And, it works, at least most of the time. effective like what the article says, the benefits of humor is that it can help capture and retain students attention, reduce stress and anxiety, augment student motivation and participation, promote a sense of acceptance in class that allows students to think in creative and divergent ways and others. Humor has really helped me a lot into refraining my students sleep during my classes.However, I have to admit that sometimes I go too far and make inappropriate jokes. Just like everything, there is a need of balance. Too much ofanything is not good so just like what this article say, there should only be small doses of humor just enough to maintain the students attention which is also appropriate for their age and status. in that location are also times that students can hardly wed at the essence of my jokes. I think its because my jokes are sometimes outdated or too complicated for them to deduct. So, I associate my jokes with the current trends along with my lesson. I also use the terms they use with their peers like boom-panes, ice-bucket challenge and other trendy words at the moment. In choosing an instructional materials and preparing activies, I see to it that it is fun, funny and explorative but at the same time informative and educational.For example, when I had my lesson on survey as defined in Physics, I made them perform a role-playing activity. In order for the students to be attentive, I asked them to re-enact the work done by a ballot vendor, bote-landok buyer and seller, a beauty top executive and a secretary. I chose those attention-seekers in the class to do the activity and I was impressed how they were able to feed a very energetic performance. I enjoyed it personally and so does the audiences which are the other students. In this way, the students laughed and learned a lot in relation to our topic. Just like what the article says, there are compulsory and negative effects of humor. When used straight-lacedly, it enhances learning in many ways but when it is misused, it can hurt the students as well as the teachers feelings. Therefore, in using humor, proceed with caution and use it wisely. Source Ivy, L. The Education Digest. October 2013. p.54-57Reflection 1Creativity A Cure for the Common CurriculumStudents crawl in it when I compare them to the process of metamorphosis. I tell them that they are just caterpillars for now and soon, they will convey beautiful and colorful butterflies. In order to achieve metamorphosis in the world of Education, Creativity is not only a miscellaneous but rather a need in the students learning process. However, in this day and age, few students realize the importance of enhancing their own innate creative being. In the classes that I taught, I observed that there are hesitations which hinder them into letting out their creative self. They are afraid to make mistakes or try thus fail. They think they are doomed if they fail onceor twice. This is why I always assure them that in my class, there are no wrong manages but sooner there are trials, lots of trials in order to arrive at the correct answer. Whenever they answer and their answer does not directly address my question, I ask them supplemental questions until we arrive at the main point. In this way, they hone their converge nt and divergent thinking ability which are requirements of Creativity. In the traditional curriculum, students are accomplished to follow patterns and do things by the textbook. Yes, this is essential for the students should be oriented of the basics and disciplines.However, they must also learn how to do things their own way, create new things and innovate from what they know, from what they learned. This is why in my Science class, I require my students to create and design things. Just like when we had the lesson on the law of motions, I required my students to make a paper-balloon car which is functional, durable and presentable. When they submitted their outputs, I can see that they have the potentials and that they can do more. So I appreciated their effort and recognized their ingenuity and innovativeness. I also gave recommendations for them to improve. On the contrary, its hard to barroom the creativity presented in their product. So I learned that in process and product -assessment activities, there should really be a reliable and valid rubric to be prepared so that the students will have a guide into creating things. According to the article, Creative tasks are, by nature, ambiguous with no clear right or wrong answers.Such tasks require taking intellectual risks, trying, evaluating and discarding ideas, and making connections. In reality, there are lot of difficulties in infusing creativity in my lesson and curriculum as a teacher. Im realizing it now that creativity is not taught in few settings but rather it is honed and developed through time. Its a holistic process which involves all the learning areas and dimensions. It is not only the brain (cognitive domain) involved in this process but also the heart (affective domain) and body (psychomotor domain) as well. However, I am still hoping that with more experience and practice, Ill be able achieve this creative goal of mine. Source Berret, D.The Education Digest.October 2013. p.13-20Reflection 4Classroom falsifyIn the traditional classroom setting, teachers can literally spank those students who are misbehaving. It seemed effective back past like the friars in the Spanish period but it only instilled fear and forced obedience among the students. With the principles of teaching-learning and also with my personal experience, I soakedly oppose this as a method of controlling the class. This is neither effective nor complement the students learning process. During my teachings at the UB- extravagantly School, first on my list of difficulties is how to manage the class. Most of the Grade 8 students are highly active in making noises rather than in participating during the discussion of the lesson and other activities. What really annoys me is that they are unaware that they are distracting me even if their chatter is louder than my voice. They think theyre innocent of such(prenominal) fault. After reading this article, I started to draw my plans in implementing classroom m anagement strategies. Its a good thing that at the first day of my teaching with them, I oriented them of my expectations into behaving into class.Every now and then, I keep reminding them of the house rules that we established following Ivan Pavlovs conditioning technique. Just like what the article suggested, I pause for a while whenever most of the students are buzzing and I make a strong direct gaze at the offenders until they get the message to stop their noise. If it doesnt work, I sit instead and let their classmates call the attention of those misbehaving. I also try the numbers game. I tell the class that I would give them at least two minutes to settle down before we can proceed. If it is break time, I tell them that I would not dismiss them until they are all well-behaved or I dismiss the behaved ones on time but I let the offenders stay in the classroom a little bit longer so I can have a talk with them. As much as possible, I refrain from embarrassing the students who are misbehaving. So I tell the class to stop teasing the student whom I called his/her attention. There are times that I go near the students who are being noisy instead of calling out their names. I would stare at them while I would still be discussing the lesson to avoid interruptions. I thought my grooming would be unlike with the lesson discussion but students are actually bothered if I didnt groom neatly and fittingly.There are times that instead of asking something related to the topic, they would ask if I wore my uniform properly equivalence me to the other student-teachers. They also care about my hair and make-up, shoes,nail polish and accessories. They made me conscious then of what Im supposed to wear because I realized that I will earn their delight in somehow by dressing professionally. Not all students are misbehaving so I also give praises and encouragement to those who are behaving properly so that they can be the role-models of the class. I give credits to them so they will continue their good behavior and not be discouraged if all the attention goes to the noisy ones. There are really difficulties when it comes to managing the class especially that we are student-teachers and most students dont quell with us because of this. We still have to earn their respect through time and exposure. We have established routines, disciplinal measures and other strategies to manage the class. Therefore, patience and endurance are the key values needed. Source Andrew Ilagan. The Educator. March-April 2013Reflection 2Hands-On ScienceTo many students, Science might be a unicorn or a leprechaun at the end of the rainbow. They do not appreciate the reality of the lessons being discussed in Science. In the traditional lesson proper of the Science subjects, students are asked to read and memorize definitions and terms with just hypothetic explanations. Sometimes, its like telling a fairy tale like the unicorn and leprechaun that I mentioned. With the new K- 12 curriculum today, students are made to search in order to deepen their understanding with the concepts. How? Through having experiential learning activities such as laboratory activities and varied approaches and instructional materials in teaching Science, students are able to transfer or convert the theoretical knowledge into a concrete experience. And with my teaching experience and the principles of teaching-learning backing me up, these are more effective methods for the teaching-learning process. According to the article, resourcefulness is one of the most important qualities of a science teacher. Conducting laboratory activities and presenting real objects for the lesson could be a challenge especially if the resources are scarce at the teachers location. This is why as a Science teacher, I should be able to substitute, improvise and customize as suggested in this article.At the UB- High School, the Science Departmentsprojector is not functional. So instead of presenting video clips and animations which I find very helpful, I demonstrate or I let the students demonstrate the concept with the real objects to explore. I also give the students varied activities like role-playing, designing, composing jingles/songs and other group-works so they will actively participate with the lesson proper instead of me just talking in front. However, in conducting these activities, the class should be oriented of the rules and guidelines which must be observed before, during and after each activity. Organization is essential so the task will be carried out in accordance to the objectives to be accomplished. Instructions should also be given clearly and carefully.Curiosity among the students should also be developed. In my classes, I always encourage my students to be asking questions if they didnt understand the lesson and they shouldnt hesitate into asking questions especially if its a what if?. As a Science teacher, I also promote creativity and innovation. At th eir young minds, I believe they can create and design crotchety things which can be productive. I gave my students a task on designing a balloon car and some of them surprised me. It is fulfilling on my part as a teacher that they submitted more than what I pass judgment them to. For those who were not able to excel, I encourage them to do better next time and dont give up trying. In general, many say that Science is a difficult subject but I say, sometimes it depends on the teacher. No task is that hard to a person who is dedicated to her work. Source Reyett Paunan. The Educator. March-April 2013

Paper – Sensory Marketing

side of meat Paper Ju falsehoodn BECQUEVORT BAC 3 Intermediate 1 2011-2012 English Paper Julien BECQUEVORT BAC 3 Intermediate 1 2011-2012 The centripetal market The sensory trade Table of content Introduction2 Sensory trade2 Visual merchandise4 Sound marketing5 Olfactory marketing6 Gustatory marketing7 Tactile marketing8 Personal opinion9 Conclusion10 Bibliography12 Introduction Even if 1does non realize,sensory marketingis ubiquitous inmarketing races andit may explain intimately of our purchase decisions. The soothing ambienceof a store,pleasant odordiffexercisingd, move inive(a) colors, bunghole influence the clients decision.Sensory marketing stomach be defined as amarketing technique thatseeksone or more(prenominal) of the five senses of the consumer. Its aim is toattract customersby increasingtheir welf bein auberge to positively influencetheir behaviorvis-a-vis a harvesting or apoint of sale. To nest sensory marketing, I decided to begin by a short descript ion of the topic. After, I bequeathing talk about the five types of sensory marketing visual, sound, olfactive, gustatory and equalise. To finish, I will expose you my face-to-face opinion about the subject. Sensory marketingCompa release with traditional marketing, the sensory marketing focuses more on the five senses sight, hearing, taste, step and come across. The sensory marketing creates around the carrefour a multisensory cash dispenser that boosts their attractiveness. According to specialists, the use of the five senses in a marketing campaign would go forth companies to sum up their sales by arousing customers emotions. Nowadays, with the maturement of the supply for a product, it is real Coperni cannister for a company to diametricaliate itself from its competitors. We nonice that more and more companies use the sensory marketing to do it.Despite the fact that Kotler stressed already in 1973 the importance of the atmosphere in a store, the sensory market ing has only genuinely developed until the 2000s. It is still a freshlyfangled aspect of the marketing strategies. But today, more and more marketing specialists attach importance to the sensory marketing because it is a great success. This success can be explained in two ways. On the one hand, sensory perception brings a comfortable trace, a sense of reality that the consumer looks for because of the development of virtual in our society.On the a nonher(prenominal) hand, the consumer looks for a sensorial experience with all senses and especially with a back to the nature in a context of increasing urbanization. But some specialists say it is unethical to play with wads feeling and emotions in a commercial aim. In fact, the sensory marketing can be used in an abusive way, trying to manipulate the customer. However, it is not like neuromarketing that is completely unethical. This type of marketing consists in a deal of the mechanisms of the brain when it receives commercial stimuli.Professionals of marketing can adapt their advertising campaigns based on the results of the study. Its difficult for consumers to not deal the product with this type of marketing. But concerning sensory marketing, if the consumer has been once fooled on a product because of a sensory marketing, he will not be fooled a second time. forthwiths marketing would be a marketing based on the five senses at the selfsame(prenominal) time. That is called polysensorality by the marketers. However, its really difficult to set up for most of products. Now, I will confront you some concrete drills in order to better understand what the sensory marketing is.It would be fire to mobilize a sniff out of hot chocolate in a chocolate department. This strategy, combined with an attractive visual aspect of the product, will guide the consumer towards the product. Moreover, tastings in stores can in like manner increase the sales of the product. The consumer can be aw be of the products quality, smell, texture, etc. Nature et Decouvertes is a pioneer among the sensory marketers. When we are in the store, all our senses are stimulated. For theoretical account, all the products are exposed and we can touch and test everyone. It is really entertaining for the clients.Concerning the smell, odours of natural oils are spread in the shop, and even outside of it. It light upons the passers requisite to enter the store. Moreover, we can hear a relaxing symphony. People often buy a CD and inbred oils to bet this relaxing atmosphere at home. Nature et Decouvertes has well tacit that the sensory marketing can increase purchases but also enhance the image of this sword. Visual marketing The visual marketing is used by the professionals of marketing since a lot of years. The beauty and the plan rich person always been very important in the marketing.People are always looking for aesthetic. Colours and forms, departments arrangements of a shop are important factors for the products success. It influences the consumers and motivates emotional reactions that play a role in the purchase decision. The sight is the most highlighted sense in a marketing campaign. The client has his first impression of a product, whatever it is, by the sight. Visual aspects are essential and sellers try to attract people give thanks to the sight. For example, in an automobile showroom, everything is studied.The lighting, the influence and the positions of the cars can influence people who look for aestheticism. But the visual marketing has also evolved with new technologies. Nowadays, bonny pictures are broadcasted on LCD or LED screens. In travel agencies, pictures of withe sand and downhearted seas scrolled on a screen and invite to evasion. People are more likely to push the entry to enter the agency. Apple has also developed a inexpugnable visual marketing for its products. We can rig the iPod, the MP3 players of Apple, in a wide range of colours.Before, the iMac was also available in different colours and the product was transparent in order to make the machine more pleasant. All the products of Apple are design and beautiful. Apple is specialized in the visual marketing because the brand has understood that the customer will postulate more easily a product which is beautiful. Sound marketing The sound marketing is a new side of the sensory marketing. Marketers have now understood that hearing is primordial in a talk campaign. The sound marketing must represent the brand and the product.Its really important for a brand to have a specific music, a jingle or a section which can allow people to identify the brand in question. Uncle Bens, U and Leclerc are linked to a specific voice that differentiates themselves from competitors. These voices play a role of jingle and the auditors recognize immediately the brand. Music is also used in stores and shops to sell a product. But its recent. Different studies have proven that music influen ce the perception of time and the customers stay vaster and more easily in a store which trend music is played.According to these studies, a soft music, like trueal music, encourages to stroll and relaxes the customers. The particular sound of a product is also used by producers hoping to differentiate it. For example, in the world of household electrical appliances, the sound of the buttons is different depending on the brand. But the most striking example is the railway locomotives sound of a Harley Davidson. No engine makes a noise similar to a Harley Davidson. This is one of the biggest selling points of the brand and it was studied during a long time by mechanics. Please, follow this link ttp//www. youtube. com/watch? v=31GBuRHxsDo&feature=fvwp&NR=1 Olfactory marketing Since more or less two decades, marketers have discovered that odour in an advertising campaign has a lot of influence on the purchase decisions of the customer. Before the 90s, this sense was totally assemble aside. It was very difficult to implement the olfactory marketing because the technologies did not permit it. Since few years, marketers have understood that the power of odours is something that they should not overlook as the olfactory memory is the most powerful.The olfactory marketing is very important to highlight a product or a brand. When we walk on the street, we can smell delicious odours coming from a restaurant, a bakery or store which sells coffee. All these odours attract the customers and trigger an emotional process that lost any sense of time. Customers like to go to shops and store where it smells good. Its normal. somewhat brands like Nature et Decouvertes and Sephora have succeeded in attract the customer and the passers with odour. But olfactory marketing is not limited only to odours in shops and stores, it cans also be found within the products.For example, its important that a cosmetic cream smells good. In order to differentiate their products from the othe rs, its essential for a company to use different flavours. Its the same for cleaning products. A lot of brands like Mr Propre, Carolin or Dreft use different scents for their cleaning products. These products do not only evoke cleanliness but also evoke evasion and joy thanks to the odours. A third example is the 3M company who has commercialized flavoured strawberry post its. The target of this marketings type is essentially teenagers and especially young girls.However, olfactory marketing goes further and an odour diffuser, the SmellBox, was created to diffuse fragrances in a shop or a store. This box is connected to a computer and diffuses odours that are linked with the broadcasted pictures on the screen. Today, it is the most advanced application of the olfactory marketing. Gustatory marketing With this type of marketing, in that respect are two possibilities either the consumer likes the product either he doesnt like and doesnt buy it. Taste marketing is often used in super markets where different brand representatives propose to taste new products.Clients appreciate this practice because they can judge the product for plain. And this technique increases sales because people buy it after(prenominal) having tasted it so they dont take a risk and sleep with that they like it. Obviously, this marketing is normally used for food products. But there are some exceptions. Indeed, gustative marketing can be a good way to promote a product. For example, a jewelry demonstration accompanied by a chocolate fondue. Or we can also find candies in some stores. Moreover, gustative marketing is essential for toothpastes brands too.Today, the trend is traveling and people like new flavors of the world. There is a strong growth in sales of exotic spices and especially from Asia, very trendy at the moment. So, food industries have their gustative laboratories in order to taste new relishes depending on the trend and desires of consumers. Thus, this sort of marketing is not easy because we always have to adapt to the new flavors appreciated by people. So, there are gustatory trends that we have to follow all the time to satisfy customers. Tactile marketing This sort of marketing uses the touch to optimize sales of a product.This sense has more and more importance in communication campaigns, and professionals know it. Indeed, consumers need to touch the product in order to have a precise idea of its quality. For example, at the supermarket, customers like palpating fruits and vegetables and they think that they can evaluate their quality in this way. In fact, the touch creates a familiarity with the product. So, tactile marketing has a gigantic power and sellers have to use it in order to enhance sales. Moreover, people prefer going to a store which proposes to touch products, so this sort of marketing increase the issuance of clients.Thats why more and more enterprises look for textures appreciated by consumers. Today, for example, the trend is cashmere. Indeed, this textile inspires sweetness, comfort, protection, etc. As the touch refers to the qualities and functions of the product, the choice of the material and the form is essential. More the texture is successful, more consumers will want to buy it. We can well see this phenomenon in bedding store where people always lie on mattresses. Clients want to test the heaviness and comfort, and prices become even less important. Food industries have also understood the advantages of this marketing.Children and teenagers like the combination of different textures as crunchy and sweet. For example, Danette created a new product to satisfy consumers fluidity chocolate accompanied by crunchy balls. We can also find chewing-gum crisps outside and liquids inside. Tactile marketing can also be applied for a service. Indeed, a hotel will be judged on the softness of the sheets, the thickness of the towels, pillows quality, etc. If the client appreciates all of these things, he wil l have a good image of the hotel. So, the touch is a factor essential for products success. Personal opinionI have chosen this topic because I am really interested in the marketing sciences. I think that it is very important for a firm or a company to deeply understand how behave customers when they receive commercial stimuli. Otherwise, I would choose as master options marketing and managements services. I hope that I will learn even more with the lecture of consumers behaviour. During my studies in management, we have seen a good deal of strategies and techniques to attract the customer to a product or service, but I think that the sensory marketing is the most elicit and is really booming.We can see more and more strategies of sensory marketing today. I think for example at the cover of the jams jars of Bonne Maman brand. The cover is squared with blue and white or red and white. Moreover, the writing on the label looks like handwriting. It really reminds jams of long ago. Anot her example is the development of the free distribution of new products in the street. When we walk on the street, we can see huge cars giving for example chocolate, cans of Coca-Cola, This is linked with gustatory marketing. Just yesterday, I went to a reduplicate centre and the merchant had put an essential oil diffuser in the store.It was really nice to photocopy sheets in this atmosphere. Even if a copy centre does not need to use sensory marketing in order to attract customers, I think that it is a good initiative and it works. I will go back there to make photocopies. I think that more and more brand and retailers must use the sensory marketing. The customers asks for it, it is more merciful that our senses are requested when we do shopping or when we see an advertising. Moreover, studies and surveys have proved that the sensory marketing really influences the purchase decisions.It has to be developed by all the brands, if it is possible obviously. During the lectures of ma rket research, we have seen lots of studies that showed that the marketing sensory has a lot of influence on consumers. For example, we have seen, supported by figures, that the purchases are more important if the music in the store is slow than fast. Moreover, if it is coupled with a nice odour, the list of money of purchases is much more important. We have also learned that the light plays an important role in a restaurant. If the light is bright, the number of wine bottles purchased is higher than if the light is subdued.Per contra, the spent time in the restaurant and the amount of the bill is higher if the light is subdued. Recently, I have participated to a market research concerning the bookshop Libris Agora. We were asked during the study to analyse different odours that could be diffuse in the bookstore. It is typically a sensory marketing strategy. Personally, I am for a strong sensory marketing strategy. As I said before, it can attract lots of people to a store. For ex ample, I like when trend and good music is played in a shop.I have already noticed that I stay more easily in a store where dance and electro music is played, maybe because I love this kind of music. Contrary to what my analysis says, I will never go to a store where classic music is broadcasted or maybe I will stay maximum five minutes. I think that it is because I am young and that does not attract me at all. Nevertheless, I can understand that people like this type of music and that classic music encourages people to stay longer in a store. One of the sensory marketing strategies that I like the most is the gustatory one.I really like to taste different products when I am at the supermarket or when I go to a fruit and vegetables seller. Usually, if the products are good, I put them in the cart. In order to further differentiate from the competition, brands and retailers should enhance their sensory marketing strategies. They should couple visual marketing with olfactory marketing , etc. However, the consumers must not receive too much sensory stimuli at once time. If it is the case, I think he feels shelled and uncomfortable and he will certainly run away from the product or the store.Retailers have to find the right middle between the different strategies of sensory marketing. Moreover, the sensory marketing is not popular with everyone. I know some people who feel uncomfortable with odour of essential oils. I think that the big problem of the sensory marketing is to find the right settings in order to reach as many people as possible. Conclusion Throughout this report, I tried to explain what the sensory marketing is and how the five senses can play a role in the purchase decision. I alsotried togive concrete examplestomake thisreport more understandable.We can see that in a context of an increasing supply, companies have to differentiate themselves from each other. It requires a very thorough marketing and more and more companies rely on sensory marketin g to attract customers to their products. According to experts, marketing of tomorrow will be a polysensory marketing through which all senses of the consumer and prospect will be awakened. Nowadays, thanks to new technologies, this type of marketing is possible and some companies like Nature et Decouvertes use already this conception of polysensority marketing.The discipline of sensory marketing is now booming but it is very important to not oppress the customer with too much commercial and sensory stimuli. The sensory marketing must be cautiously considered before being implemented. Bibliography http//marketing. oboulo. com/marketing-sensoriel-exemple-zara-h-m-killafornia-1 05054. html http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sense http//fr. wikipedia. org/wiki/Marketing_sensoriel http//www. netpme. fr/marketing/704-marketing-sensoriel. html http//www. journaldunet. com/management/dossiers/0606139marketing/cestquoi. shtml